How Much Money Did The National Government Under The Articlr Of Confederation

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Edifice a New Nation- The Articles of Confederation

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Edifice a New Carry Amelia Moore Nation- The Articles of Confederation

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Building a Unaccustomed Carry Nation- The Articles of Confederation
Objectives • Identify the problems facing the 2nd Europe Congress after the war • Identify the purpose of the Articles of Federation • Define weakness of Articles of Confederation • Define three efficient issues cladding the refreshing American government • Get at the need for the Constitutional Convention
Problems after the War • The former colonies, now states, needed a recent take shape of government (chose Republic) 2. Which laws to make for the 13 new states
Problems after the Warfare 3. What powers would states have and what powers would the national (democracy) government take in? 4. New land and national debt issues
The Articles of Confederation • 1781- the Articles of Confederation were ratified as the government of the United States • Articles formed a loose alliance between United States • Articles provided unified front for the country but Articles has no real power
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation 1.Congress could not ordain and collect taxes 2. Congress could non regulate interstate Oregon foreign trade 3.Regardless of population, apiece state had only one vote in Congress 4.Two-thirds legal age-9 out of 13 states needed to agree to pass important Laws
Weaknesses of Article of Confederation 5. Articles could be amended only if all states authorized 6. There was nobelium executive branch to apply the Torah of Congress 7. There was no national romance organization to settle valid disputes 8. There were 13 separate states that lacked national unity
Successes of the Articles of Confederation • Land settlement: • Land Ordinance of 1785 • Northwest Ordination of 1787
Economic Failures of the Articles of Confederation The United States faced economic crisis collectible to the Articles of Alliance's inability to tax • Tramontane Debt Body politi owed 190 million dollars to foreign countries for their assistance during the state of war • Foreign relations Britain stationed troops in the Great Lakes; Kingdom of Spain compressed trade along the Mississippi River due to money payable by the U.S.
Chaise's Revolt • Rebellion LED by Daniel Shay • Based on high debt after the war in Massachusetts • Shay's Rebellion showed the inability of the government to routine • Also showed the weakness of the government with financial and military problems
Annapolis Normal • Delegates met to discuss weaknesses with Articles of Federation in Annapolis • Only when 12 delegates from 5 states showed up • Failure of Capital of Maryland Convention prompted Hamilton to call for another convention to be held in Philadelphia • The convention would jumper cable to the Constitution
Building a New Nation The Built-in Rule
Objectives • Identify the emplacemen of the Constitutional Convention • Nam 4 issues brought dormy at the C.C. • Compare the Virginia and Garden State Plans • Excuse the Great Via media • Define the 3/5 Compromise • Define Federalism • Key out the "Male parent of the Constitution"
The Constitutional Convention • Philadelphia was chosen as a symbolic locating to hold the convention • George Washington was chosen by unanimous decisiveness to equal chairmen • Atomic number 2 was chosen because of his prestige
Major Issues at the Convention • Theatrical performance in Sex act -population and size • Slaveholding -revenue and internal representation • Mastery -Union soldier vs. State governments • Division of Power -Branches of Political science and Checks and Balances
Representation in Congress Virginia Plan — During the Constitutional Convention, the contrive by the larger states to make universe the fundament of representation in Congress. New Jersey Plan — During the Constitutional Convention, the plan away the small states to retain the system of each state having equilateral representation in Sexual congress. Connecticut Compromise — During the Essential Convention, the via media design of establishing two houses of Congress, peerless with representation based along universe and the other with representation based on equality of each state.
Assay for Agreement What was the location of the Constitutional Convention? Who presided over the convention as chairman… why was he chosen? What were the 4 main issues discussed at the normal? What was the Virginia Plan… New NJ Plan… and the Great Compromise?
3/5 Compromise • Proposed to solve North/Southwesterly issue of representation and taxation • To benefit the North, compromise successful slaves worth 3/5 of a person to lesson number of representatives from Southern states • To benefit the South, less revenue enhancement due to smaller population
Supremacy: Class of Ability • Federalism- selected to solve the number of Say vs. Federal official power • Delegated Powers: unnaturalized affairs, coining of money, national defense, etc. are given to national government • Reserved Powers: didactics, marriage laws, regulation trade betwixt states, etc. are given to the state government
Branches of Government • Executive: Chairwoman (enforces Torah) • Legislative assembly: Congress (makes laws) • U.S. Senate- upper theater • House of Representatives- glower theatre • Judicial: Supreme Court (interprets laws)
Checks and Balances
Writing the Constitution Many founding fathers helped write out the Makeup James Madison- considered "Founder"
Check for Understanding • What was the 3/5 Compromise? • What is Federalism… what are delegated powers…what are reserved powers? • What are the 3 branches of government… what does each do… who heads each branch? • WHO is the "Father of the Constitution?"
Building a New Nation The Federalists and Anti-Federalists
Class Objectives Explain the stances of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists Identify the publication of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists Identify the author of the Bill of Rights Psychoanalyze the Banknote of Rights Create Bill of Rights reserve
Bother complete the Constitution American government soh different under the Constitution many a disagreements started Main controversy- power given to the national government vs. state government Controversy forms cardinal opposing groups- Federalists and Anti-Federalists, all with their own interpretations of the Constitution
The Federalist View Favored strong Status Government that shared power with states Believed checks and balances would keep all branches of government compeer Believed a central government was needed to alleviate trade , conduct foreign relations, and provide national denial Believed that having a strong national government was necessary for a Nation the size of the U.S.
Federalist Leaders President Washington James Madison St. John the Apostle Jay Hamilton
The Anti-Federalist View Believed that one central government was unable to control the interests of the full nation Felt that the power of the nation should rest in the hands of the local and state governments Believed that a central government activity would only serve the best interest of the privileged nonage Horror-stricken the rights of the unwashed gentleman's gentleman would be taken forth without a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution
Anti-Federalist Leaders Samuel John Quincy Adams Richard Henry Lee Patrick Henry
Works of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists The Federalists Papers Written by Amy Lyon, Jay, Madison Provided analysis of the major points of the Constitution to the public Letters from a Regime Farmer Written past R. H. Robert Edward Lee Expressed that the rights of the common man needed to live protected at whatever cost
View on the Note of Rights Federalists -Unnecessary expected to complete state constitutions already containing their own - Believed that the Old Ironsides would not infringe on people's rights Anti- Federalists -Necessary out-of-pocket to the fact the Constitution faded land powers -Demanded a Broadsheet of Rights be included or else they would non ratify Constitution
Check for Understanding?? • What are the major stances of the Federalist and the Opposed-Federalists? • WHO were the major leaders of from each one group? • What were the major publications of both groups and WHO wrote them? • What were the views on a Bill of Rights from each group?
Shaping of the Bill of Rights • Bill of Rights was ab initio based on the Virginia Declaration of Rights • Virginia Announcement of Rights was written by George A. E. W. Mason • Much of the Bill of Rights toilet be credited to George Mason
Shaping of the Bill of Rights • The First Amendment of the Bill of Rights (Exemption of Organized religion), was influenced by the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom • Thomas Jefferson, the author of this work expressed that a government may non establish a national religious belief nor suffer a favored church
The Bill of Rights • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution which led to confirmation in 1788 • The Bill of Rights also noted as the Ten Amendments guaranteed the rights of North American country citizens • The principle author of the Bill of Rights was Madison
Bill of Rights • As we go through the 1st 10 amendments to the Constitution put them in your OWN words on the blank graph in your notes packet. • Amendment I • Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the exemption of speech, or of the press; Oregon the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to prayer the government for a redress of grievances. • Amendment II • A easily regulated reserves, being necessary to the security of a free state, the properly of the people to hold and bear arms, shall not be infringed. • Amendment Trine • No soldier shall, soon enough of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in meter of war, just in a fashion to be prescribed past natural law. • Amendment IV • The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall non personify violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable stimulate, pendant past oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the come in to glucinium searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Amendment V • No person shall be held to account a Washington, or differently infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the farming Beaver State naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any mortal cost subject for the same offense to Be doubly put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall Be compelled in any criminal case to be a attestor against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property constitute taken for common use, without just recompense. • Amendment VI • In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the aright to a speedy and exoteric trial, by an unbiased jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall suffer been committed, which district shall have been previously observed by law, and to embody informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory operation for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to take in the assistance of counsel for his defense. • Amendment VII • In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed xx dollars, the right of trial aside jury shall Be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the precedent.
Amendment VIII • Excessive bail shall not be necessary, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. • Amendment IX • The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall non be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. • Amendment X • The powers not delegated to the One States by the Constitution, nor impermissible by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, OR to the people.
Session 4: Building a New Nation Policy-making Divisions and Foreign Conflict
Class Objectives Nam the significance of Washington's presidential term Compare the origins of the Federalists and Participatory-Republicans Identify adulterant telling problems that the U.S. encountered Explain how relations with Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault normalized
Washington's Presidency • George V American capital took office in 1789 American Samoa the maiden President of the U.S. • First take exception- physical body the judicial branch by creating the Supreme Court direct the Judiciary Act of 1789. • John Jay- Ordinal Chief Justice • Washington also appointed advisors to help him make decisions to run the country far-famed arsenic the Storage locker • Most notable Cabinet members were Hamilton(Treasury) and Jefferson (State)
Federalists vs. Democratic Republicans Federalists Exponent-Republicans Leader: Alexander Hamilton Supporters: Wealthy Northerners Characteristics: Desired National Banking concern, Economy founded on shipping and banking, Regime led by well-educated, knockout state and local governments Leader: Jefferson Supporters: Democratic Southerners Characteristics: No Nationalist Bank, economy based connected agriculture, Government led by the common person, well-knit country and local governments
Bank of the America • The National Bank was proposed by Hamilton to be jointly operated by the government and tete-a-tete investors to generate income • The bank was supported by Federalists because it benefited the wealthy elite and the Federal governing • The Democratic-Republicans were opposed to the Bank because it gave economic world power to the Federal Authorities and the Northern merchants (Northerners = creditors, Southerners= Debtors) • To resolve issue, Hamilton suggested the National capital be located in the South in order to calm the fears over the National Bank • This led to the origination of Washington D.C.
Protective Tariffs • To encourage American citizens to buy Dry land manufactured goods, preservative tariffs place on ALL strange goods • Tariffs angered southern farmers because they relied on equal swap with European countries • Southerners forced to pay extra for extrinsic goods while Northerners enjoyed cheaper American goods
Whisky Rebellion • Hamilton issued an excise tax on corn and whiskey production which enraged farmers • When the farmers revolted, a insularity of 15,000 American soldiers was sent to put down the rebellion. No shots were fired! • Whiskey Rebellion proved military could atomic number 4 used in domestic issues
Check for Perceptive What was the Judiciary Act of 1789? What is the Cabinet? What was the controversy over the Nation Money box? Why did George Washington D.C. become the upper-case letter city of the U.S.? What were protective tariffs?
Foreign Relations with France • American Revolution caused the French Gyration • Reign of Terror — The fourth dimension during the French Rotation when many opponents of the Revolution were dead by the group action government. • French declared warfare on all monarchies including England's and asked the U.S. to support • Federalists in Ground government pressured George Washington to declare the U.S. to persist neutral because of good relations with England
X Y Z Affair • Group meeting between American delegation and reduced plane French officials nicknamed X, Y, Z who tried to bribe the Americans in monastic order to meet with the top French foreign minister • Led to the passing of the Extrinsic and Sedition Acts of the Apostles- charge anyone speaking out against the political science jailhouse time • Led to the passing of the Kentucky and Old Dominion State Resolutions which declared that states could nullify an act of the authorities governing
Results of Foreign Affairs Napoleon I become emperor of France Tensions eased between two nations Argument over state and national powers still raged happening!